An Environmental Scan of Canadian Physiotherapy Dry Needling Regulations

Physiother Can. 2026 Aug;78(3):300-307. doi: 10.3138/ptc-2024-0037. Epub 2026 Jul 31.

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Dry needling (DN) regulations among the Canadian physiotherapy colleges were compiled to make recommendations toward a national guideline. Method: DN regulatory data extracted from regulatory body websites using an environmental scan framework was checked by an independent reviewer. Colleges were contacted to fill gaps identified from the web. Extracted content was compared to recommendations from two Canadian DN reviews to identify gaps in regulation. Results: DN regulation is done through legislation (two colleges), practice guidelines (one), or both (seven), depending on the college and its provincial or territorial jurisdiction. Three colleges have prerequisites for DN courses, four have approved DN courses, nine require specific course content, three require minimum course hours, nine require registration or rostering, and three have continued competency expectations. No colleges have evidence-based guidelines to inform requirements or meet all DN recommendations. Conclusions: Heterogeneity in regulation likely represents gaps that may potentially expose the public to risk. Physiotherapy colleges could review their regulatory process, address these gaps if they are deemed related to increase risk, and ultimately come to a consensus on what are the safest regulations of practice for Canadian physiotherapists.

PMID:42841116 | PMC:PMC13641808 | DOI:10.3138/ptc-2024-0037