Immediate and Short-Term Effects of Electro-Dry Needling on Thermal Temporal Summation in Healthy Adults

JOSPT Open. 2026 Jul;4(3):367-373. doi: 10.2519/josptopen.2026.0204. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the local and distal immediate and short-term effects of a single session of electro-dry needling (EDN) on thermal temporal summation (TS) in asymptomatic adults. DESIGN: This was a single-group repeated-measures intervention study. METHODS: Twenty-five asymptomatic adults participated in this […]