Time-resolved X-ray radiography of through-thickness liquid transport in partly saturated needle-punched nonwovens
Exp Fluids. 2026;67(5):56. doi: 10.1007/s00348-026-04201-6. Epub 2026 Apr 25. ABSTRACT Nonwoven fibre networks underpin filtration, insulation and geotextiles, where liquid uptake, redistribution and release govern performance. In needle-punched felts, barbed needles mechanically entangle fibres and partially reorient them towards the thickness direction (z), creating out-of-plane “pillars” and heterogeneity. While mechanical and structural consequences of needling […]
